| 韩唯，朱佳琪.基于4-5岁幼儿执行功能培养的科学编程教育[J].陕西学前师范学院学报,2025,41(2):10-19 |
| 基于4-5岁幼儿执行功能培养的科学编程教育 |
| Scientific Programming Education Based on the Cultivation of Executive Function in Preschoolers Aged 4-5 |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-14 修订日期：2024-12-06 |
| DOI：10. 11995/j. issn. 2095-770X. 2025. 02. 002 |
| 中文关键词: 工作记忆 认知灵活性 抑制控制 执行功能 编程教育 |
| 英文关键词: Working memory Cognitive flexibility Inhibition control Execution function Programming Education |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 幼儿编程教育借助图形化工具，指导幼儿规划指令与解决问题。先前研究显示，学前儿童通过机器人编程能提升操作能力，并显著增强听觉工作记忆。本研究采用实验组对照组设计，对实验组幼儿实施10个月科学编程教育（结合机器人与图形化编程）。结果显示，训练前两组幼儿在执行功能的三个维度上无显著差异，但训练后实验组幼儿在工作记忆方面的进步显著高于对照组，而在认知灵活性和抑制控制方面无显著差异。因此，科学编程教育有助于促进4~5岁幼儿工作记忆的发展。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Early childhood programming education utilizes graphical tools to guide children in planning instructions and problem-solving. Previous studies have shown that preschool children can improve their operational abilities and significantly enhance their auditory working memory through robot programming. This study adopted an experimental control group design and implemented 10 months of scientific programming education （combining robotics and graphical programming） for the experimental group children. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the three dimensions of executive function between the two groups of children before training, but after training, the experimental group showed significantly higher progress in working memory than the control group, while there was no significant difference in cognitive flexibility and inhibitory control. Therefore, scientific programming education can help promote the development of working memory of children aged 4-5. |
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