| 张雅倩.21世纪以来澳大利亚联邦政府托育改革新举措及启示[J].陕西学前师范学院学报,2022,38(8):15-23 |
| 21世纪以来澳大利亚联邦政府托育改革新举措及启示 |
| The New Measures and Enlightenment of Australian Federal Government’s Childcare Reform Since the 21st Century |
| 投稿时间：2022-06-09 修订日期：2022-06-13 |
| DOI：10. 11995/j. issn. 2095-770X. 2022. 08. 003 |
| 中文关键词: 澳大利亚 托育改革 托育政策 |
| 英文关键词: Australia childcare reform childcare policy |
| 基金项目:2020年度教育部人文社会科学项目（20YJA880052） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 21世纪以来，澳大利亚联邦政府面临着托育市场化变革风险、多层级政府管理体制弊端、高质量早期教育国际化推动，开始了新一轮的托育改革。此轮改革通过扩大资源供给、加强财政补贴、出台国家质量标准、实施人员发展战略来确保托育服务的可获得、能负担、高质量。当地托育政策以社会发展为前提，加强政府的管理和引导，注重政策制定的战略性和前瞻性;坚持弱势优先原则，以文化多样性为基础，彰显政策定位的全纳性和公平性;以“去家庭化”为取向，多筹财政支持并举，满足家长的个性化需求;以质量评价为支撑，发挥监管的激励效用，保障政策执行的有效性，为我国加速推进0-3岁婴幼儿托育事业发展提供借鉴。新时期，我国政府应坚持托育服务的公益普惠原则，完善管理体制；加大财政投入力度，建立合理的成本分担机制；优化督导评估制度，促进托育服务质量提升；健全培养培训体系，提高从业人员的专业化水平。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Since the 21st century， Australian federal government has been faced with the risks of market-oriented reform of childcare services， the drawbacks of the multi-level government management system， and the promotion of internationalization of high-quality early education， thus starting a new round of childcare reform.This round of reforms ensures the availability， affordability， and high quality of childcare services by expanding resource supply， strengthening financial subsidies， introducing national quality standards， and implementing personnel development strategies. These local childcare policies take social development as the premise， strengthen the government’s management and guidance， and pay attention to the strategic and forward-looking policy formulation; adhere to the principle of giving priority to the disadvantaged， based on cultural diversity， and demonstrate the inclusiveness and fairness of policy positioning; take “de-familyization” as the orientation， and raise more financial support to meet the individual needs of parents; with the support of quality evaluation， the incentive effect of supervision will be brought into play to ensure the effectiveness of policy implementation， which provide reference for our country to accelerate the development of childcare for 0-3 year olds. In the new era， our government should adhere to the public welfare and inclusive nature of childcare services and improve the management system; increase financial investment and establish a reasonable cost-sharing mechanism; optimize the supervision and evaluation system to promote the quality of childcare services; improve the training system to improve employment level of professionalism of personnel. |
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