| 孙崇勇，多兰，赵红，李淑莲.亲子关系对幼儿攻击性行为的影响[J].陕西学前师范学院学报,2020,36(12):60-68 |
| 亲子关系对幼儿攻击性行为的影响 |
| The Influence of Parent-child Relationship on Young Children’sAggressive Behaviors |
| 投稿时间：2020-10-10 修订日期：2020-10-31 |
| DOI：10. 11995/j. issn. 2095-770X. 2020. 12. 008 |
| 中文关键词: 攻击性行为 亲子关系 幼儿 |
| 英文关键词: aggressive behavior, parent-child relationship, young children |
| 基金项目:吉林省教育厅“十三五”社会科学项目（JJKH20191037SK） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| ：为探讨幼儿攻击性行为与亲子关系的发展状况及其二者之间的关系，采用家长和教师报告的测量法，使用学前和幼儿
园行为量表（PKBS）与亲子关系量表对180 名3～6 岁幼儿进行了测量。结果发现：1）幼儿攻击性行为在性别与年龄上存在差
异，其中男孩的外部攻击强于女孩，女孩的关系攻击强于男孩；外部攻击随年龄增高而下降，而关系攻击逐渐增多。2）幼儿亲
子关系也表现出性别差异与年龄特征，其中女孩在亲密性、冲突性方面均好于男孩，且随年龄增长不断发展。3）幼儿亲子关系
与外部攻击及攻击总分之间均呈显著负相关，且前者能负向预测后者；亲子关系与关系攻击相关不显著。本研究结果提示，幼
儿攻击性行为与亲子关系均具有年龄特征与性别差异；良好的亲子关系是幼儿攻击性行为的保护性因素；幼儿亲子关系对攻
击行为的影响要借助于应付方式、同伴关系等中介物的作用。家长要深刻认识到亲子关系对于降低幼儿攻击性的重要性，注
意营造温暖的家庭环境，改变不良的教育方式；高质量地陪伴幼儿；帮助幼儿建构与父母的安全型依恋关系等。同时，要注意
发挥幼儿教师的积极作用。只有多措并举才能取得更好的效果。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the development status and relationship between aggressive behavior and parent-child relationship of young children,
180 children aged 3-6 years old were measured with the Pre-school and Kindergarten Behavior Scale (PKBS) and Parent-child
Relationship Scale reported by parents and teachers. The results showed that: 1) children’s aggressive behavior showed gender and age
differences, in which boys were more externally aggressive than girls, and girls were more aggressive in relationship than boys; external
attack decreased with age, while relationship attack increased. 2) Children’s parent-child relationship also showed gender differences
and age characteristics, in which girls were better than boys in intimacy and conflict dimension, and it developed with age. 3) There was
a significant negative correlation between parent-child relationship and external aggression or total score of aggression, and the former
could negatively predict the latter, while the parent-child relationship had no significant correlation with relational aggression. The results
suggested that children’s aggressive behavior and parent-child relationship have age characteristics and gender differences; good
parent-child relationship is the protective factor of children’s aggressive behavior. Meanwhile, the influence of children's parent-childrelationship on aggressive behavior depends on coping style, peer relationship and other mediators. Parents should deeply realize the importance
of parent-child relationship in reducing children’s aggression, paying attention to create a warm family environment, changing
bad education methods, accompanying children with high quality and helping children to construct safe attachment relationship with
their parents, etc. In addition, do not ignore the role of preschool teachers during the process. Only by taking multipronged measures can
we achieve better results. |
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