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| 超越最佳教育实践：美国学前教育高质量发展的新趋向 |
| Move Away from the Notion of “Best Practice”：A New Trend of High-quality Development of American Preschool Education |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-03 修订日期：2024-11-08 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 美国学前教育 超越最佳教育实践 学前教育高质量发展 全美幼教协会 |
| 英文关键词: American preschool education move away from the notion of “best practice” high-quality development of preschool education NAEYC |
| 基金项目:全国教育科学规划教育部青年课题“人口高质量发展视域下中美日家庭养育文化的国际比较研究”（课题编号：EDA230508）；2021年度安徽省哲学社会科学规划一般项目（AHSKY2021D44）；2022年安徽省省级质量工程项目“学前教育专业卓越教师培养计划”（2022zybj081）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 对美国学前教育高质量发展道路中“超越最佳教育实践”主张的探究，是理解美国学前教育高质量发展的关键所在，同时也对我国学前教育高质量发展具有重要镜鉴作用。研究采用文献分析法及历史研究法，对美国学前教育超越最佳教育实践的现实动因、价值取向及有效路径进行了深入研究，发现美国学前教育高质量发展新趋向所秉承的价值取向为：从“缺陷”转向“差异”，从“静态”转向“动态”，从“实体性思维”转向“关系性思维”，从“理智取向”转向“社会文化取向”，且更加注重“过程质量”的纵深发展。在此价值观的引领下，美国实施了“超越最佳教育实践”的系列有效路径。总体而言，美国“超越最佳教育实践”的教育主张及实践，旨在循证教育实践基础上重构一种关系性、文化性及过程性思维，为通往学前教育高质量之路提供了一种新的可能。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The exploration of the advocacy of "transcending best educational practices" in the path of high-quality development of preschool education in the United States is the key to understanding the high-quality development of preschool education in the United States, and it also has important reference significance for the high-quality development of preschool education in China. This study adopts literature analysis and historical research methods to conduct an in-depth study on the practical motivations, value orientations, and effective paths of transcending best educational practices in preschool education in the United States. It is found that the value orientations adhered to by the new trend of high-quality development of preschool education in the United States are: shifting from "defects" to "differences", from "static" to "dynamic", from "entity thinking" to "relational thinking", and from "intellectual orientation" to "sociocultural orientation", with a greater emphasis on the in-depth development of "process quality". Guided by these values, the United States has implemented a series of effective paths to transcend best educational practices. Overall, the educational advocacy and practice of "transcending best educational practices" in the United States aim to reconstruct a relational, cultural, and process-oriented way of thinking based on evidence-based educational practices, providing a new possibility for the path to high-quality preschool education. |
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