| 于 欣.儿童的政治生活参与何以可能——来自《民主主义与教育》的启示[J].陕西学前师范学院学报,2018,34(10):93-97 |
| 儿童的政治生活参与何以可能——来自《民主主义与教育》的启示 |
| On the Possibility of Children’s Political Participation —Enlightenment from Democracy and Education |
| 投稿时间：2018-03-15 修订日期：2018-05-11 |
| DOI：10.11995/j.issn.2095-770X.2018.10.018 |
| 中文关键词: 儿童的政治生活参与 《民主主义与教育》 民主 兴趣 行动 经验 |
| 英文关键词: children’s political participation Democracy and Education democracy interest action experience |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 《民主主义与教育》（1916）全面地阐述了杜威的实用主义教育思想，是其教育著述的代表作。在杜威的思想体系中，“儿童”作为具有独特行为方式的参与者，“经验”作为一种立足于生存意义上的探究性力量，以及“民主”与“共同体”作为普遍的社会条件与组织形式，这三者之间事实上构成了一种彼此内在互相作用的有机整合，一种生命之成长的基本结构。在这个深广的意义上，可以说儿童真正的政治生活参与的实现主要并不得自于对具体的社会政治制度的维护或改善；就其根源上讲，它来自于杜威对“民主社会”的信念，而这种信念的基本内容在于，如何在一种充分开展的“社会探究”活动中使儿童产生兴趣，使他们每个人的生活方式都具有其独特的参与性的特质，而这同时也体现了杜威对于“经验”作为个体与环境相互依存、彼此造就的作用以及“教育”作为体现人之具体成长方式的信念。也就是说，问题在于如何通过一种最为基本意义上的“教育”的开展而使儿童实现真正的政治生活参与。本文力图通过对《民主主义与教育》这一著作的再解读以期寻求“儿童的政治生活参与何以可能”的科学和哲学的解答。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In the masterpiece of Dewey, Democracy and Education (1916), his pragmatic education ideas are expounded comprehensively. According to Dewey, children are participants with unique behavior, with “experience” as a kind of exploratory force based on the significance of survival, “democracy” and “community” as common social condition and organizational form. These three elements constitute an organic integration and the interactions among them form a basic structure of the growth of life. In this sense, it can be said that the realization of children’s political participation does not mainly depends on the maintenance or improvement of the specific social and political system. The idea of children’s political participation comes from Dewey’s belief of “democracy”. He believes that children should be motivated to get interested in politics in “social inquiry” activity making participation their lifestyle. This also reflects Dewey’s belief that “experience” comes from the interdependent and mutual up-building between individual and environment, and “education” is the embodiment of the concrete growth mode of human being. In other words, the problem lies in the way to achieve children’s political participation through “education” in the most basic sense. This paper attempts to find out the scientific and philosophical solutions to "how to realize children’s political participation" through reinterpretation of Democracy and Education. |
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